As a leading educational game developer, we’ve got strong and well-informed opinions about what makes great game-based learning (GBL). We’ve been around for 20 years – just think of how much math gets blasted during such a lengthy interval. With that in mind, it’s high time we revisit the fundamentals of game-based learning that we infuse into every game in our expansive portfolio of client projects. Central to our game-based learning design approach are three foundational elements: identity, verbs, and systems. Let’s dive into how these elements shape the design and effectiveness of game-based learning.
Identity: “Who Am I in This Game?”
Games excel at allowing players to step into new roles or identities. Whether it’s taking on a job (scientist, urban planner, lawyer, wizard) or embodying a specific character (Master Chief, Mario, Gandhi), games immerse players in perspectives and skillsets that are distinct from their own. This process of identity-building encourages learners to explore and master unique viewpoints and abilities.
For game-based learning, leveraging identity means aligning the learning objectives with a compelling role. If the educational goal speaks to a specific identity—such as becoming a problem-solving engineer or a thoughtful historian—then designing a game where players inhabit that role can create highly impactful and enjoyable experiences. Players are not just passively absorbing knowledge; they are living it.
Verbs: “What Do I Do in This Game?”
Play is driven by action. In every game, players are granted specific means and constraints that dictate how they interact with the game world. These actions—or verbs—are scaffolded and rewarded, motivating players to engage with increasing depth. Whether it’s placing a Tetris piece or managing the budget of a railway empire, these verbs form the core gameplay mechanics.
In game-based learning, verbs are directly tied to the learning objectives. If the goal is to teach financial literacy, the core actions might involve managing resources or balancing budgets. If the goal is to teach scientific inquiry, the actions might include conducting experiments or analyzing data. By wrapping these actions in feedback, rewards, and escalating challenges, games can embody the educational objectives in ways that feel intuitive and rewarding.
Systems: “How Does This Game Work?”
Games are built upon systems of rules that players navigate and master. These systems—a constellation of interconnected mechanics and relationships—create the framework for gameplay. Understanding and manipulating these systems is often key to success in the game.
For learning objectives that involve grasping complex systems, game-based learning offers a unique advantage. By designing game rules to mirror real-world systems, players gain deep insights into how these systems operate. For example, a game about climate change might simulate the interactions between economic growth, energy consumption, and environmental impact. Mastering the game’s rules provides players with a practical understanding of the underlying system, complete with its intricacies and unintended consequences.
Bringing It All Together
The true power of game-based learning lies in the thoughtful integration of all three of these key elements – identity, verbs, and systems. A well-designed educational game aligns these elements with its learning objectives, creating an experience that is not only engaging but also has the power to create lasting change, whether that change takes the form of new knowledge, new perspectives, or new empathies. Got a game idea of your own that needs alignment to these best practices? Not to worry – contact us today for a free consultation about our development services.